Arc-light electrode.



No. 859,891. ?ATEBITED JULY 9, m R. Hi 3mm. Am; mam ELEGTRGDE.APPLIUATIOYI FILED HAY 29. 1905. BEHEWED 5 11113 15, 19(57- Con Z; a/n

Zircon/um Carbide 0 pi wfi i W/Lnesse gm aim/Q12.

UNITED "STATES PATENT .onrron.

sensor 11. READ, or SCHENECTADY, NEW YORKIASSIIGNOR T0 GENERAL ELEc'rmcooumsr, A CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

zinc-LIGHT ELECTRODE.

Specification of-Lettsrs Patent.

Patented July 9,

-. Original application flied May is, 1901, Serial so. some Divided andthis application he Kay 29. icon. Harland June is, iio'z.

' Serial No. 319,113. Y

tain new and useful Improvements in Arc-Light Elec:

trodes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to are lighting, the object being to improve thequality oithe light and permit the maintenance of a longer are withcurrents of moderate potential and amperage.

lamps formed of or containing a considerable proportion of theconducting carbids permit a longer are to be drawn foi the samepotential and current than corresponding electrodes oi carbon, andproduce a smoother action at the arcfthe-tendency oi the tips at the areterminals being to fuse bei'orei vaporization, thus conducing toward aquiet action free-from hissing or decrepitation, and much more steadythan a carbon are; The color of the arc varies with the base of, thecarbid, for example, an arc containing carbid oi calcium has a richgolden color of great luminosity, while one formed ofor containingaluminium carhid hams much whiter appearance, the spectrum varying withthe nature of the earbid.

I I prefer to employ carbids which are unaffected 'by moisture andtherefore do not deteriorate in service when exposed to the atmosphere.

In my original application, Serial Number 60,813, of which the presentapplication is a division, I describe variousparbids which might beemployed. My present application is based on the use of zirconium carbidor a compound containing the some, as an are light electrode material..It yields eminently satisfactory results in are lighting, giving alight of extraordinary eiiiciency, the are obtained being flaming orluminous and of a very good white color. It may be employed pure ormixed with a carbonizable .binder molded and baked- It may also be usedfor a cored carbon. in preparing the electrodes of this material, thezirconium carbid may be finely pulverized and molded in sticks of thedesired size by mixing it with a carbonimblo binder, such as cane sugaror wheat flour moistened witlicmil lar or cvclhcold water. Aiterdry- Ihave discovered that conducting electrodes for are ing and baking at abright red heat its'structure may be rendered more compact and dense byfilling the pores with carbon by any approved procem, such for exampleto a red heat in a hydrocarbon vapor.

I find that snare lamp provided with electrodes 0! and renders thearemors tenacious than a carbon arc. The electrodes-are inherently slowburning even inthe open air. The oxid or other vapors developedinborning may if desired be trapped in an inclosing globe, and the lampmay beprovided with a wiper periodically operated to remove the depositfrom the walls of the globe, or a draft niay be provided through theinclosing globe to prevent a deposit. When burning in an auiomatic lampit is desirable to of oxid formed at the electrode terminal is a poorconductor. Various methods may be employed to start theflow of currentto strike the are. The admixture 'culty. X V

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 illus trate elevations ofare light pencils of different sizes cored electrodc.

The electrodes shown in Figs. 1 and 2 respectively are designed forlamp. carrying diii'erenteurrents. In the type shown in Fig. 3 a hollowcarbon pencil 3 is filled with a core of conducting carbid compound,'asabove described. 4 v

This application is a division of my pending application Serial Number60,813, filed May 18, 1901.

ll'hat'I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is,- a

with a suitable binding material.

27th day 0! May, 1905.

nonnn'r nfnmn.

Witnesses:

as saturating with sugar and again firing, or by raising formedaccording to my invention; Fig. 3 shows a An iireeiectrode consisting ofzirconium carbld admixed in witness whereof. i have hereunto set my handthis so such material gives a more eificient light than a carbon. arc.The-fusion oi the carbid conduces to steadiness 3 provide special meansfor starting the are as the deposit of the carbid with the carbon tendsto reduce this diili? I

